Saturday, October 6, 2007

Review: Lux Aurumque, Dale Warland Singers


The final concert performance by the Dale Warland Singers took place on May 30, 2004, ending a 31 year tradition of choral excellence. The 40-voice choir (based in Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN) was renowned for their clarity, precision and breadth of expressive capabilities. Dale Warland continues to guest conduct and lead clinics for singers around the world. Lux Aurumque ("golden light") is the last album the group made before their disbandment. The album pulls together a seemingly disparate range of composers and music, yet the total effect is one of absolute cohesion in expressing a musical statement.

As a child beginning piano study I remember discovering a copy of "Salvation is created" (Chesnokov, track 5) amongst my parents community chorus music. As I played through it I remember being struck by the incredible tonality and the surprising but imminently gratifying changes in tonal color. The chorus gives a wonderful rendition, taking me back many years, but further bringing to mind immediately the distinctive pathos of Russian choral music.

Herbert Howells suffered an unbelievable loss in the death of his young son Nicholas in 1935. In 1964 he composed "Take him, earth, for cherishing" for the funeral of President John F. Kennedy in the US. Reflective of his personal loss, and sensitive to the loss suffered by the American people, this anthem is a powerful tapestry of grief and faith, innately bound in sonorities stark and lush.

In addition to some standard choral writers (Gretchaninoff, Rachmaninoff), Lux Aurumque includes a couple of important contemporary composers in Morten Lauridsen and Eric Whitacre. Beyond the capabilities of many average church choirs, the present recording makes their music worth listening to for the sake of hearing and studying excellent choral style. Blend, expressive range and communication of sentiment are hallmarks of the best choirs, and can be achieved in even simple song. Here the Dale Warland Singers accomplish it with incredibly difficult music (sometimes in 16 distinct vocal parts, compared to the standard 4).

The album was recorded in stages in 2001, 2002 and 2004 at the Chapel of Saint Thomas Aquinas at the University of Saint Thomas, St. Paul Minnesota. The room has just the right balance of acoustic zing to let the music ring in the space, while allowing for the singers' precision to be utterly plain. The album notes include the pieces' lyrics in the original languages and in translation where needed. Also included are publication information for each work. Gothic Recordings has produced an admirable recording for an estimable choral ensemble.

Hymns of praise, music for communion, for funerals, for Christmas and for Lent all combine to make this an album for any season, and any moment one might wish to plumb the depths of one's appreciation of the choral art. + + + +

Thursday, October 4, 2007

Worship Music October 7

FirstLight worship will begin this week with two familiar praise choruses, Martin J. Nystrom’s “As the deer,” and Dave Doherty’s “Come let us worship and bow down.” We will also sing “Better is one day,” and Brian Doerksen’s “Come, now is the time to worship,” both of which have become FirstLight favorites. A time crunch caught us last week and the Prophets had to forego singing the Jack Noble White song “The First Song of Isaiah;” we’ll get to it this week. We are celebrating communion this week at both services, along with Christians around the world as part of World Communion participation. To affirm our global nature and our global mission we will close FirstLight worship with the powerful “Shout to the north.”

I remind the adult choir that there are very, very few “perfect pieces of choral music” in the world. This week the choir will be singing one of those few as their anthem. Ralph Vaughan Williams’ “O taste and see” is 40 seconds of musical perfection. Using text found in Psalm 34, it uses that distinctive Vaughan Williams quasi-pentatonic tone palette that characterizes so much of his music. The anthem is in two very short sections, each of which begins with a short solo for a soprano singer; this week that soloist will be Susan Banzhoff. Service music will be representative of our global faith, with the Introit from Brazilian sources, a British celebration of forgiveness after the confession, and an Israeli folk song for the benediction response. The hymns this week are “God is here” (Abbot’s Leigh), “We walk by faith and not by sight” (Dunlap’s Creek), and “Jesus, thou joy of loving hearts” (Quebec).

Henry Alford (1810-1871) wrote the text for “We walk by faith” prior to 1884 when the hymn appeared in his collection Psalms and Hymns. The tune is named after a creek in Brownsville, PA, (south of Pittsburgh) renowned for a certain bridge which crosses it. The tune first appeared in a US hymnal in 1814. Organ music by John Behnke (a setting of “Gather us in”) and John Stanley (one of the 30 short voluntaries) will be heard at the prelude and offertory. Dan Locklair’s “Phoenix Processional” will be the organ postlude. Locklair is a composer living in Winston-Salem, NC. His “Phoenix Fanfare and Processional” were composed for organ with brass and percussion in two stages. The Fanfare came first in 1980 to celebrate the rededication of James Chapel at Union Theological Seminary in New York. The Processional followed in 1985. The composer created the solo organ version in 1996. The piece is a stately one, featuring the trumpet stop on the organ. Somewhat long (6 minutes) it is yet thrilling for the performer (double pedals!) and listener.

Wednesday, October 3, 2007

Some Organ History

As Black Mountain PC(USA) gets ready to celebrate 100 years of ministry, I have had occasion to do some research on the pipe organ in the sanctuary. The organ was given by members of the Cooley family. The contract with the Reuter firm in Kansas was signed in October of 1978. The contract price was $65, 677. (The organ would easily cost 4 times that amount to replace in 2007.) The nameplate on the console indicates this was opus #1979, and installation and dedication took place in early 1980. Delivery took place in February of that year, and the organ was dedicated at a special service and recital in April. Ted Crist was organist and choir director when the organ project was begun. He also played the dedicatory recital. Here is a list of the stops included in the organ:

Great
Principal 8' 61 pipes
Gedackt 8' 61 pipes
Octave 4' 61 pipes
Koppelflote 4' 61 pipes
Flachflote 2' 61 pipes
Mixture III 183 pipes
Trompette 8' 61 pipes

Swell
Rohrflote 8' 61 pipes
Gemshorn 8' 61 pipes
Spitzflote 4' 61 pipes
Naset 2 2/3 61 pipes
Principal 2' 61 pipes
Terz 1 3/5 61 pipes
Cymbel II 122 pipes
Hautbois 8' 61 pipes

Pedal
Resultant 32'
Subbass 16' (56 pipes)
Octave 8' (from Gt)
Subbass 8' (ext Subbass 16')
Choralbass 4' (32 pipes)
Koppelflote 4' (from Gt)
Trompette 16' (12 pipes and from Gt)
Trompette 8' (from Gt)
Trompette 4' (from Gt)
Tremulant

Zimbelstern
Sw to Gt 16', 8', 4',
Sw to Sw 16', 4', u/o
Gt to Gt 16', 4', u/o
Sw to P 8', 4'
Gt to P 8', 4'

1243 total pipes

The organ is installed in a single, freestanding case at the east end of the sanctuary. The Swell division is lowest in the case, just above the choir singers' heads. The Great is above the Swell at the top of the case. The pedal pipes are in the two side towers that flank the central divisions. Here is a link to some photos of the delivery and installation. The east wall had glass on the two sides with a central plaster section. In the photos a few frames of stained glass and a portion of the plaster wall have been covered by aluminum-clad insulation panels. The cross that had hung on the east wall now hangs on the front of the organ case as part of the facade display.

Thursday, September 27, 2007

Music for worship September 30

There are a couple of songs that for me really mark the onset of the contemporary worship music phenomenon. One was Amy Grant’s “Thy word” (1984). Another was Lanny Wolfe’s “Surely the presence of the Lord is in this place” (1977). Third, but in a slightly difference vein was Jack Noble White’s “First Song of Isaiah” (1976). All three still get performed often in mass media and for commercial recordings and are utilized in corporate worship. I remember vividly the angst I experienced when wrestling with how and when to introduce these “new” songs to my choirs and congregations, because they were new, had a strong rhythmic pulse and used harmonic language that while in the popular mainstream was alien to church-goers as worship music. All three songs are now in mainline denominational hymnals! White’s “First Song” with its simple chordal structure, utilization of a rhythm section for the accompaniment and “youth-y pathos” really encapsulates a great deal of what the earliest waves of contemporary worship music were all about. The Prophets will be singing the song at the offering on Sunday (the chancel choir with instrumentalists from the Prophets ensemble will sing the anthem later this autumn). Congregational song at FirstLight will include the Argentine worship song “Santo, santo, santo, mi corazon te adora,” Michael W. Smith’s “How majestic is your name,” the camp-y “I will call upon the Lord” and Miriam Webster’s “Made me glad.” Webster has long been associated with the Hillsong Church (Australia) and its leadership in contemporary worship and music.

The chancel Choir will be singing Allen Pote’s “God is our refuge and strength” as the anthem this week. An energetic setting of text from Psalm 46, this setting has proven incredibly popular with singers of all ages and all varieties of congregations. The hymns this Sunday will include “Immortal, invisible, God only wise” (St. Denio), “Fairest Lord Jesus” (Crusader’s hymn) and “Great is thy faithfulness” (Faithfulness). Organ music will include Mouret’s Rondeau (of PBS’ Masterpiece Theater fame), a sparkly trumpet voluntary by 18th century Brit John Travers, and Celebration Fanfare by NY organist and church musician Steve Best.

Thursday, September 20, 2007

Music for Sunday 9/23

Congregational song at FirstLight will begin with Laurie Klein's passionate chorus, "I Love, You, Lord," followed by "I Give You My All," "Reign In Me," and "Open the Eyes of My Heart, Lord." The third song will be new to some, but is easily learned. The concluding song will be Dan Schutte's hymn of call and commitment, "Here I Am, Lord." The Prophets will be singing a Brazilian worship song, "Cantad al Senor" at the offering. Perrin Todd has been working overtime, brushing up his Hispanic-style playing skills!

The Chancel Choir will sing John Rutter's "Te Deum" at 11 AM. Accompanied by organ (our own Carla Sperry) and brass, this will be a thrilling musical element in our worship this week. Brass players contracted for this presentation include Julie Howard, David Pressley, our own Anna McClintock, Peter Schlecht, Todd Sessoms, Dave Oakley and Will Talley. We welcome these players as part of this special music presentation. Hymns for worship will be "Ye Servants of God" (Hanover), "God, Whose Giving Knows No Ending" (Beach Spring), and "My Hope Is Built on Nothing Less" (Solid Rock). Organ music by Flor Peeters, Max Reger, and John Heron is also part of the musical lineup.

Wednesday, September 19, 2007

Te Deum paraphrase

The "Te deum" text is a glorious statement of faith with rich, vivid poetic content. It is however not in a regular meter, such as a hymn text. In 1774 however, Ignaz Franz paraphrased the words into metrical format, suitable then for pairing with a hymn tune. The tune "Grosser Gott, wir loben dir" was paired with the text in Katholische Gesang-Buch in Vienna, Austria; the composer is not named. The choir will be using this hymn text and tune at worship this week, to complement their presentation of Rutter's "Te Deum." The text (four stanzas only) and tune appear in the Presbyterian Hymnal (1989) at #460. Below (reproduced from the CyberHymnal) is the complete hymn text. You can instantly see the correlation to the original "Te Deum" text found below.

Holy God, we praise Thy Name;
Lord of all, we bow before Thee!
All on earth Thy scepter claim,
All in Heaven above adore Thee;
Infinite Thy vast domain,
Everlasting is Thy reign.

Hark! the loud celestial hymn
Angel choirs above are raising,
Cherubim and seraphim,
In unceasing chorus praising;
Fill the heavens with sweet accord:
Holy, holy, holy, Lord.

Lo! the apostolic train
Join the sacred Name to hallow;
Prophets swell the loud refrain,
And the white robed martyrs follow;
And from morn to set of sun,
Through the Church the song goes on.

Holy Father, Holy Son,
Holy Spirit, Three we name Thee;
While in essence only One,
Undivided God we claim Thee;
And adoring bend the knee,
While we own the mystery.

Thou art King of glory, Christ:
Son of God, yet born of Mary;
For us sinners sacrificed,
And to death a tributary:
First to break the bars of death,
Thou has opened Heaven to faith.

From Thy high celestial home,
Judge of all, again returning,
We believe that Thou shalt come
In the dreaded doomsday morning;
When Thy voice shall shake the earth,
And the startled dead come forth.

Therefore do we pray Thee, Lord:
Help Thy servants whom, redeeming
By Thy precious blood out-poured,
Thou hast saved from Satan’s scheming.
Give to them eternal rest
In the glory of the blest.

Spare Thy people, Lord, we pray,
By a thousand snares surrounded:
Keep us without sin today,
Never let us be confounded.
Lo, I put my trust in Thee;
Never, Lord, abandon me.

Thursday, September 13, 2007

Understanding Your Choir (humor alert!)

Please receive this in the spirit intended! It's all humorous. Please don't take offense or take this seriously (especially you members of the choir!). Do enjoy!


"A View of Choral Singers" (Author Unknown)
In any choir or chorus, there are four voice parts: soprano, alto, tenor, and bass. There are also various other parts, such as baritone, countertenor, contralto, mezzo-soprano, etc., but these are mostly used by people who are either soloists, or belong to some excessively hot-shot classical a cappella group (this applies especially to countertenors) or are trying to make excuses for not really fitting into any of the regular voice parts, so we will ignore them for now.

Each voice part sings in a different range, and each one has a very different personality. You may ask, "Why should singing different notes make people act differently?" and indeed this is a mysterious question and has not been adequately studied, especially since scientists who study musicians tend to be musicians themselves and have all the peculiar complexes that go with being tenors, French horn players, timpanists, or whatever. However, this is beside the point; the fact remains that the four voice parts can be easily distinguished, and I will now explain how.

SOPRANOS are the ones who sing the highest, and because of this they think they rule the world. They have longer hair, fancier jewelry, and swishier skirts than anyone else, and they consider themselves insulted if they are not allowed to go at least to a high F in every movement of any given piece. When they reach the high notes, they hold them for at least half again as long as the composer and/or conductor requires, and then complain that their throats are killing them and that the composer and conductor are sadists. Sopranos have varied attitudes toward the other sections of the chorus, though they consider all of them inferior: The altos are to sopranos rather like second violins to first violins -- nice to harmonize with, but not really necessary. All sopranos have a secret feeling that the altos could drop out and the piece would sound essentially the same, and they don't understand why anybody would sing in that range in the first place -- it's so boring. Sopranos think tenors, on the other hand, can be very nice to have around; besides their flirtation possibilities (it is a well-known fact that sopranos never flirt with basses), sopranos like to sing duets with tenors because all the tenors are doing is working very hard to sing in a low-to-medium soprano range, while the sopranos are up there in the stratosphere showing off. To sopranos, basses are the scum of the earth -- they sing too darn loud, are useless to tune to because they're down in that low, low range -- and there has to be something wrong with anyone who sings in the F clef, anyway. One curious fact is that although the sopranos swoon while the tenors sing, they still end up going home with the basses.

ALTOS are the salt of the earth -- in their opinion, at least. Altos are unassuming people who would wear jeans to concerts if they were allowed to. Altos are in a unique position in the chorus in that they are unable to complain about having to sing either very high or very low, and they know that all the other sections think their parts are pitifully easy. But the altos know otherwise. They know that while the sopranos are screeching away on a high A, they are being forced to sing elaborate passages full of sharps and flats and tricks of rhythm, and nobody is noticing because the sopranos are singing too loud (and the basses usually are, too). Altos get a deep, secret pleasure out of conspiring together to tune the sopranos flat. Altos have an innate distrust of tenors, because the tenors sing in almost the same range and think they sound better. They like the basses, and enjoy singing duets with them -- the basses just sound like a rumble anyway, and it's the only time the altos can really be heard. Altos' other complaint is that there are always too many of them and so they never get to sing really loud.

TENORS are spoiled. That's all there is to it. For one thing, there are never enough of them, and choir directors would rather sell their souls than let a halfway decent tenor quit, while they're always ready to unload a few sopranos or altos at half price. And then, for some reason, the few tenors there are always seem to be really good -- it's one of those annoying facts of life. So it's no wonder that tenors always get swollen heads -- after all, who else can make sopranos swoon? The one thing that can make tenors insecure is the accusation (usually by the basses) that anyone singing that high couldn't possibly be a real man. In their usual perverse fashion, the tenors never acknowledge this, but just complain louder about the composer being a sadist and making them sing so damn high. Tenors have a love-hate relationship with the conductor, too, because the conductor is always telling them to sing louder because there are so few of them. No conductor in recorded history has ever asked for less tenor in a forte passage. Tenors feel threatened in some way by all the other sections -- the sopranos, because they can hit those incredibly high notes; the altos, because they have no trouble singing the notes the tenors kill themselves for; and the basses because, although they can't sing anything above an E, they sing it loud enough to drown the tenors out. Of course, the tenors would rather die than admit any of this. It is a little-known fact that tenors move their eyebrows more than anyone else while singing.

BASSES sing the lowest of anybody. This basically explains everything. They are solid, dependable people, and have more facial hair than anybody else. The basses feel perpetually unappreciated, but they have a deep conviction that they are actually the most important part (a view endorsed by musicologists, but certainly not by sopranos or tenors), despite the fact that they have the most boring part of anybody and often sing the same note (or in endless fifths) for an entire page. They compensate for this by singing as loudly as they can get away with -- most basses are tuba players at heart. Basses are the only section that can regularly complain about how low their part is, and they make horrible faces when trying to hit very low notes. Basses are charitable people, but their charity does not extend so far as tenors, whom they consider effete poseurs. Basses hate tuning with the tenors more than almost anything else. Basses like altos -- except when they have duets and the altos get the good part. As for the sopranos, they are simply in an alternate universe which the basses don't understand at all. They can't imagine why anybody would ever want to sing that high and sound that bad when they make mistakes. When a bass makes a mistake, the other three parts will cover him, and he can continue on his merry way, knowing that sometime, somehow, he will end up at the root of the chord.


(This piece came to me from a friend, who got it from a friend, who got it from a friend, via email and the Internet. I have searched high and low for the author to no avail; if you know, please contact me so I can give proper credit.)